Bacterial pneumonia is the general term for lung inflammation caused by the infectious presence of various species of bacteria. This form of pneumonia, which frequently appears in adults, tends to have a greater negative health impact than pneumonia that comes from viral or fungal microorganisms. People infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have significantly increased risks for developing bacterial pneumonia; in HIV-positive people who smoke, risks for the disease rise much higher. At its worst, bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive individuals can herald the onset of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS.
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